The Soul in the Jewish Marriage, as Embodied by Daniel Deronda - Literature Essay Samples

The first few books of Daniel Deronda focused on Gwendolen Harleth, who shines as a self-centered, domineering young woman. In becoming trapped by marriage to Grandcourt, she develops growing fascination with Daniel, an attraction that began with their encounter in the opening pages of the book. Daniel’s influence on Gwendolen causes her to evolve her ego and become a better woman, and Gwendolen ultimately falls in love with him. Unfortunately for Gwendolen, Daniel realizes that despite his attraction to her, his loves lies with the Jewess, Mirah, and Gwendolen’s fate is left undecided. Eliot had begun the novel with Gwendolen and then portrayed many scenes of Gwendolen’s dependent relationship on Daniel, so naturally both readers, and characters within the story, can imagine an eventual love story between the two. However, Eliot clearly indicates in Book VIII that a romance with Gwendolen is incompatible with Daniel’s discovery of his Jewish background. Using language that equates marriage to a spiritual union, Eliot emphasizes that Daniel’s soul has a distance to Gwendolen’s that precludes any satisfactory marriage between the two, and furthermore, she suggests that for Daniel and Mordecai, the faithful Jewish characters, religion and marriage are intertwined as they entail similar acts of joining souls together. We first see the overt religious division between Daniela and Gwendolen early in Book VIII, when Mirah feels misplaced jealousy toward Daniel’s relationship with Gwendolen, who has the proper rank and English background that she lacks. Mirah thinks that the perceived â€Å"attachment between Deronda and Mrs Grandcourt† would certainly â€Å"end in their future marriage† (732). On the other hand, she simultaneously holds the contradictory belief that Gwendolen â€Å"seemed another sort of being than Deronda, something foreign that would be a disturbance in his life instead of blending with it† (733). Besides their differences in personality, the aspect of Deronda’s character that causes this alienation is his connections to Judaism. While Mirah does not yet know of his parentage, she already associates him with Judaism because of his continued interest in the religion and his potential role as Mordecai’s disciple. She concludes that â€Å"the relation between Deronda and her brother† isâ€Å"incongruous with any close tie to Mrs Grandcourt† (733). Despite her original misconception that Daniel and Gwendolen are romantically involved, Mirah retains a strong, conscious awareness that a marriage between the two would not be in harmony with Judaism’s hold on Daniel’s life. While Mirah doubts Daniel’s love for her, Daniel in turn doubts Mirah’s love for him, even after he finds out he is a Jew. When arguing with the dejected Hans about Mirah, he says that he has â€Å"‘very little hope’† to be Mirah’s lover despite Hans’s convictions otherwise (784). This suggests that the romantic depth of Daniel and Mirah’s relationship remains unchanged even after the revelation of his parentage, for he does not think of himself as more attractive to her as a lover. However, the newly â€Å"discovered charter† of his â€Å"inherited right† does give him the potential and the ability to marry Mirah, which previously would have been impossible even if they had acknowledged love for each other (744). He knows that their relationship is not different externally, but â€Å"his relation to Mordecai† brings him â€Å"new nearness to Mirah† in spite of â€Å"no apparent change in his position toward her† (745). After she too learns of his parentage, Mirah also feels this â€Å"suddenly revealed sense of nearness† because Daniel’s Jewish birthright allows him to inhabit the same religious plane as Mirah and Mordecai, an intangible yet important difference to her (751). Eliot’s choice of spatial words like â€Å"nearness† and â€Å"position† contrasts with the abstract ideas presented, but they allow the reader to substantiate the changes in Daniel’s relationship with Mirah. While they are not any closer in love or in space, their souls now live under the same God, a closeness that cannot arise organically as Jews can only be born, not made. In feeling closer to Mirah and Mordecai, Daniel’s new bonds of â€Å"love and duty† to Judaism prevent him from pursuing any impulse to love Gwendolen, which could have been a reality earlier in the story (765). When Daniel and Gwendolen first met in the casino, they were transfixed and occupied each other’s thoughts, and their intriguing reunions, in the midst of Gwendolen’s problems with Grandcourt and Daniel’s involvement with the Lapidoths, were a focal point of the story. Daniel even admits that a year ago, â€Å"he would hardly have asked himself whether he loved her,† and he would have wanted â€Å"to save her from sorrow,† and â€Å"to carry out to the last the rescue he had begun in that monitory redemption of the necklace† (765). However, the deepening connection that Daniel feels to the Lapidoths makes him realize that Gwendolen and he differ on a fundamental level. The â€Å"strength of the bond† that holds hi m to his Jewish brethren â€Å"[keeps] him asunder from her† (765). Once again the Eliot invokes a spatial distinction, that Gwendolen and Daniel are separate, or â€Å"asunder.† Unlike the Jewish characters, Gwendolen does not believe in a crucial difference between Daniel’s and her soul. After Daniel tells her of his Jewish parentage, she asks, â€Å"‘What difference need that have made?†¦ You are just the same as if you were not a Jew’† (801-802). Gwendolen’s perspective is that of the conventional English reader at the time, who is expected not to be familiar with the necessity of unity in a Jewish marriage. They may be prejudiced against a Jewish-English marriage on other grounds, but they do not see the same fundamental difference that Mirah and Daniel do. In fact, other characters, including Sir Mallinger and Hans, have the same view as Gwendolen: when they learn of Daniel’s Jewish heritage, they still retain the belief that Daniel will marry Gwendolen. Ultimately, Gwendolen and Grandcourt married out of necessity, and the Klesmers out of pure love, but Daniel and Mirah arrive at marriage in the wake of rel igious and romantic unity. In contrast to his distance from Gwendolen, when Daniel proposes to Mirah, he proclaims that they â€Å"‘can have no sorrow, no disgrace, no joy apart’† (792). Marriage between them is a true union of their souls, as Daniel desires to accept her wholly within him. Eliot emphasizes the theme that since marriage for the Jews joins together their souls, they must accept every part of each other, including the evil. After Mr. Lapidoth steals his diamond ring, Daniel tells Mirah in his proposal that he will even think of her father as his, a conviction that results from his all-encompassing love for Mirah. Mordecai also embodies this ideal of whole acceptance after Mirah faces the repugnant return of their father. Mordecai attempts to console her by saying that the good they have inherited allows them to â€Å"feel the evil†, which are two opposites that â€Å"are wedded† to them, as â€Å"‘[their] father was wedded to [their] mother’† (743). Mordecai accepts the wrongdoings of Mr. Lapidoth as necessary to his identity, as something he has inherited; Daniel accepts him as a necessary part of marrying Mirah since he forms a part of Mirah’s identity. Their faithful Jewish perspective views marriage not as blind love between two people, but a conscious appreciation of both good and bad—because both are a result of God’s work. Eliot extrapolates this into hallowed religious doctrine by comparing Mordecai’s consoling speech to Mirah to â€Å"a Rabbi transmitting the sentences of an elder time† (743). In teaching Mirah to understand the religious meaning of marriage, Mordecai is like the Rabbi who said, â€Å"‘the Omnipresent is occupied in making marriages’† and â€Å"by marriages meant all the wondrous combinations of the universe whose issue makes our good and evil† (743). Here Eliot makes clear that this perspective on marriage applies to all Jews throughout time, and not just the characters of her story. Furthermore, by specifying the distinctive nature of the Jewish doctrine, she differentiates Mordecai and Daniel’s views from the typical Englishman’s. Although not an observant Jew, even Mirah’s father recognizes the symbolism of marriage in accepting both good and evil in Judaism. When he begs to live with his children again, he turns to Mirah and draws upon her faith in marriage and her reverence for her mother. He says Mrs. Cohen would have forgiven him because â€Å"thirty-four years ago [he] put the ring on her finger under the Chuppa, and [they] were made one† (777). Mirah then exclaims that he should stay, and Mordecai does not disagree with her, despite his vehement dislike for his father. While Mirah and Mordecai are not enthusiastic for their father to stay, they do give him the chance to live out his apology and eventual path to forgiveness. He had wronged them greatly, even driving Mirah to the brink of suicide, but the implication that their mother would have forgiven him causes the children to accept him for a little longer. At one point, the mother and the father were â€Å"one,† and the children still hope that the lasting goodness of their mother’s soul can prevail against the evil of their father’s. Judaism not only causes Daniel to get closer to Mirah and farther from Gwendolen, but also to find higher meaning in his own life. After he discovers his parentage, Mirah â€Å"had taken her place in his soul as a beloved type — reducing the power of other fascination† in Gwendolen, who he realized tended â€Å"to rouse in him the enthusiasm of self-martyring pity rather than of personal love† (744-5). He felt a duty toward Gwendolen that eclipsed any of the potential love he felt, and while conscious that â€Å"Gwendolen’s soul clung to his with a passionate need,† he realized that his own soul needed â€Å"the closer fellowship† of â€Å"men of like inheritance† (765). The idea of Daniel’s â€Å"self-martyring pity† and desire to help those in need is woven throughout the novel as he rescues Gwendolen, Hans, and Mirah in some fashion, and he struggles with his inability to save Gwendolen from her marriage to Grandcourt. With the change of fate in his relation to Mordecai, he finds a new calling, to save the multitudes of Jewish people in diaspora. In the same way that his Jewish identity gives him the ability to marry Mirah, Daniel now has the ability to nurture his wandering soul into a fulfilling vocation. Eliot paints many similarities between Daniel’s marriage to Mirah and his new religious calling. In the scene in which Daniel reveals his parentage, he excitedly tells Mordecai that they â€Å"‘have the same people’† and their â€Å"‘souls have the same vocation’† (748). This moment of revelation mirrors the intimacy of a wedding, as the two men â€Å"clasped hands,† and Daniel says that they â€Å"‘shall not be separated by life or by death,’† a choice of words reminiscent of wedding vows (748). To Daniel and Mordecai, the revelation of this religious brotherhood is tantamount to the union of a man and a woman under God, for both result in eternal bonds of the soul. The vocation that Daniel claims both of their souls share is the bringing together of the Jewish people, which is the successor to his former tendency of trying to save people who he meets in distress. He had always â€Å"‘longed for some ideal task, in which [he] might feel the heart and brain of a multitude,’† and now Mordecai has given him the calling â€Å"‘to bind [their] race together in spite of heresy’† (750). Eliot repeatedly uses such language of unity, togetherness, and bonding to describe Daniel’s newfound path and relation to the Lapidoths. While Daniel and Mirah are united in marriage, with the goal of propagating God’s goodness and love through family life and children, Daniel and Mordecai’s souls wed together as an unbreakable, transcendental bond, with the goal of bringing together the Jewish people. Mordecai himself also affirms the idea that Daniel can be wedded to religion, as he is to Mirah. After Daniel confirms his intention to follow Mordecai’s prophecy and unite the Jewish people, Mordecai explicitly says that â€Å"‘the marriage of their souls’† has begun and waits only for â€Å"‘the passing away of this body’† (751). Mordecai wishes to pass on his knowledge and writings to Daniel, and he awaits â€Å"‘the willing marriage which melts soul into soul’† that will combine Daniel and his souls (751). He believes that only after he passes can his soul be truly free to bond with Daniel’s, which will result in the better fulfillment of his desire to unite the Jewish people. At the conclusion of the book, as Mordecai is about to pass away, he repeats the previous idea that he has â€Å"‘breathed [his] soul into [Daniel’s],’† and despite his impending death, they â€Å"‘sh all live together’† (811). After Mordecai speaks â€Å"the confession of the diving Unity† and finally passes, he completes the melding of his and Daniel’s souls into one (811). Daniel thus finally â€Å"weds† both Mordecai and Mirah. Eliot illustrates Daniel’s evolution from a confused young man into one certain of his life direction, a change brought upon by the momentous occasion of discovering his identity and adherence to Judaism. She crafts a compelling narrative of Jewish bonds borne of the struggles and prejudices that contemporary Jews had to face. While the audience, ignorant of Jewish spirituality and practices, may have from the start expected a typical conclusion of romance with Gwendolen, Eliot succeeds in eliciting a greater appreciation for the Jews’ strength and belief in unity, as exemplified by Daniel’s relationships with Mirah and Mordecai. Bibliography Eliot, George. Daniel Deronda. London, England: Penguin Books, 2003. Print.

Research Paper Topics on Social Issues

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Ethical Argument Essay Samples - How to Find Online Ethical Argument Essay Samples

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Essay Topics Online - What is a Topic You Will Want to Use

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The Theory Of The Political Economy - 872 Words

The theory of the political economy in the context on media studies, is that behind every media product, has a commercial and economic imperative and as such, has particular impacts on the media content that would not exist if such imperatives ceased to exist. It is these impacts that both limit media products, and allow media products of a particular nature exist. A political economic approach in the production of media is in contrary to the nature of media itself; accuracy, integrity and authenticity are lost in favor to economic power. A capitalist society is one that exists within an exploitative framework. Our society exists and functions due to labor being exploited by those in a lower social class with the intention of economic profit for those who exploit others. (Marx and Moore, 2001) Ignoring the morality of this ideology, it enables a functioning society to a particular degree. When this theory is applied within the context of a political economy of media production, we can begin to understand its value. The nature of a capitalist society means that human labor worth a monetary value and that is exchanged between the exploiter and the exploited. As such, without a political economic influence, media products would cease to exist. Funding facilitates the production of media – labor is required to create, produce, distribute and consume media. All media is influenced by the political economic circumstances, however, the extent in which this model impacts theShow MoreRelatedThe s Theory Of Political Economy795 Words   |  4 Pagesargues that these desires have become detached from actual human needs. 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Snow Goose Overpopulation Essay Example For Students

Snow Goose Overpopulation Essay The Overpopulation of the Snow Goose in North America Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore available research on the overpopulation of the Snow Goose on the North American continent. The snow goose has been rising in population since the middle of the century and has been escalating so much it is destroying their natural habitat. Wildlife managers have just recently begun to implement strategies to combat this problem. Mainly through the use of hunters the managers are trying to curb the population growth. Introduction There are three main species of Snow Goose of primary concern. The Lesser Snow Goose (LSGO) is the must abundant and at the same time most troublesome. Ross Goose (ROGO) is very similar to the Lesser and can only be distinguished by close observation. Both the Lesser and the Ross nest in salt marshes along Hudson Bay and then migrate down to the gulf coast states such as Texas and Louisiana. Their populations number in the millions. The third sub species is the Greater Snow Goose. They nest in the same marshes as the others except they migrate down the Atlantic Coast into the Carolinas and that vicinity. We will write a custom essay on Snow Goose Overpopulation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now All three species have exploded in numbers since the 1950s. Researchers have done a lot of study on the numbers and the degradation but may need to do more studies on the impact to other species and look for other options to control the populations. Population Trends The numbers of all light colored geese has been on the rise since data was first collected. The Lesser Snow Goose (LSGO) has drastically increased in number since data was first taken. Numbers range from around 800,000 in 1969 to as many as 6 million in 1996 (CWS 1999). While the Greater Snow Goose (GSGO) has risen in numbers from a few thousand to almost 500,000 (CWS 1999). This brief article did not provide much insight into actual numbers. Abraham and Jeffries in their report dig deeper and provide more significant and detailed population counts. Their numbers add in the Mid-winter index, which is the number of geese counted during mid-winter and referred to as MWI. Their numbers also have a count for Ross Goose (ROGO) which primarily flies with the (LSGO) and is very hard to distinguish (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). They too suggest the LSGO population to be around 800,000 in 1969 and in 1994 about 2.4 million. Although it is suggested that the number is low due an undercount during the winter and a more precise count may be taken when nesting in spring. The population of Greater Snow Goose has reached 612,000 from around 50,000 in the mid 1960s. Ross Goose has increased from 8,000 in 1957 to nearly 500,000 in 1995 (Abraham and Jeffries). The Texas Department of Fish and Wildlife states that the population of wintering snow geese has remained constant. They imply this is due to the fact that the geese have spread their winter range into other states (TWDS 1999). As indicated earlier it is very hard to count wintering birds because such a large number of wintering areas. Below are a few graphs of these population trends (CWS 1999) (Ingstrup 98) (Ingstrup 1998) Factors contributing to High Population The snow goose problem is a wildlife managers nightmare. Through prudent restrictions on birds taken as game, and the increase in refuges coupled with excellent habitat in the birds entire range. It is estimated that there is nearly 900,000 ha of rice fields over the snow gooses winter range (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). This is in addition to the typical salt marsh wintering ground. Abraham and Jeffries suggest that farther to the North in states like Nebraska and North Dakota the conversion of grassland prairie into cereal grains has provided a tremendous amount of food for the geese. In addition it has also blurred the area typically considered the wintering range. .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 , .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 .postImageUrl , .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 , .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878:hover , .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878:visited , .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878:active { border:0!important; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878:active , .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878 .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua3966a1c896fffde4806448149fde878:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Can We Say NO To Recycling Essay It may also provide a natural rest stop along the way for migrating birds assuring greater health at nesting grounds (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). The establishment of refugees has reduced the amount of birds taken by hunters allowing more birds to complete a full migration cycle (CWS 1999). Hunting of the Greater Snow Goose was banned in the us . Snow Goose Overpopulation Essay Example For Students Snow Goose Overpopulation Essay Word Count: 1940 The Overpopulation of the Snow Goose in North America Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore available research on the overpopulation of the Snow Goose on the North American continent. The snow goose has been rising in population since the middle of the century and has been escalating so much it is destroying their natural habitat. Wildlife managers have just recently begun to implement strategies to combat this problem. Mainly through the use of hunters the managers are trying to curb the population growth. Introduction There are three main species of Snow Goose of primary concern. We will write a custom essay on Snow Goose Overpopulation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Lesser Snow Goose (LSGO) is the must abundant and at the same time most troublesome. Ross Goose (ROGO) is very similar to the Lesser and can only be distinguished by close observation. Both the Lesser and the Ross nest in salt marshes along Hudson Bay and then migrate down to the gulf coast states such as Texas and Louisiana. Their populations number in the millions. The third sub species is the Greater Snow Goose. They nest in the same marshes as the others except they migrate down the Atlantic Coast into the Carolinas and that vicinity. All three species have exploded in numbers since the 1950s. Researchers have done a lot of study on the numbers and the degradation but may need to do more studies on the impact to other species and look for other options to control the populations. Population Trends The numbers of all light colored geese has been on the rise since data was first collected. The Lesser Snow Goose (LSGO) has drastically increased in number since data was first taken. Numbers range from around 800,000 in 1969 to as many as 6 million in 1996 (CWS 1999). While the Greater Snow Goose (GSGO) has risen in numbers from a few thousand to almost 500,000 (CWS 1999). This brief article did not provide much insight into actual numbers. Abraham and Jeffries in their report dig deeper and provide more significant and detailed population counts. Their numbers add in the Mid-winter index, which is the number of geese counted during mid-winter and referred to as MWI. Their numbers also have a count for Ross Goose (ROGO) which primarily flies with the (LSGO) and is very hard to distinguish (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). They too suggest the LSGO population to be around 800,000 in 1969 and in 1994 about 2.4 million. Although it is suggested that the number is low due an undercount during the winter and a more precise count may be taken when nesting in spring. The population of Greater Snow Goose has reached 612,000 from around 50,000 in the mid 1960s. Ross Goose has increased from 8,000 in 1957 to nearly 500,000 in 1995 (Abraham and Jeffries). The Texas Department of Fish and Wildlife states that the population of wintering snow geese has remained constant. They imply this is due to the fact that the geese have spread their winter range into other states (TWDS 1999). As indicated earlier it is very hard to count wintering birds because such a large number of wintering areas. Below are a few graphs of these population trends (CWS 1999) (Ingstrup 98) (Ingstrup 1998) Factors contributing to High Population The snow goose problem is a wildlife managers nightmare. Through prudent restrictions on birds taken as game, and the increase in refuges coupled with excellent habitat in the birds entire range. It is estimated that there is nearly 900,000 ha of rice fields over the snow gooses winter range (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). This is in addition to the typical salt marsh wintering ground. Abraham and Jeffries suggest that farther to the North in states like Nebraska and North Dakota the conversion of grassland prairie into cereal grains has provided a tremendous amount of food for the geese. In addition it has also blurred the area typically considered the wintering range. .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f , .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f .postImageUrl , .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f , .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f:hover , .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f:visited , .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f:active { border:0!important; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f:active , .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u538d073a30775f718deae6191419151f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Segregation Of Gay And Transgender Inmates Essay It may also provide a natural rest stop along the way for migrating birds assuring greater health at nesting grounds (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). The establishment of refugees has reduced the amount of birds taken by hunters allowing more birds to complete a full migration cycle (CWS 1999). Hunting of the Greater Snow Goose was banned in . Snow Goose Overpopulation Essay Example For Students Snow Goose Overpopulation Essay The Overpopulation of the Snow Goose in North America Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore available research on the overpopulation of the Snow Goose on the North American continent. The snow goose has been rising in population since the middle of the century and has been escalating so much it is destroying their natural habitat. Wildlife managers have just recently begun to implement strategies to combat this problem. Mainly through the use of hunters the managers are trying to curb the population growth. Introduction There are three main species of Snow Goose of primary concern. The Lesser Snow Goose (LSGO) is the must abundant and at the same time most troublesome. Ross Goose (ROGO) is very similar to the Lesser and can only be distinguished by close observation. Both the Lesser and the Ross nest in salt marshes along Hudson Bay and then migrate down to the gulf coast states such as Texas and Louisiana. Their populations number in the millions. The third sub species is the Greater Snow Goose. They nest in the same marshes as the others except they migrate down the Atlantic Coast into the Carolinas and that vicinity. We will write a custom essay on Snow Goose Overpopulation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now All three species have exploded in numbers since the 1950s. Researchers have done a lot of study on the numbers and the degradation but may need to do more studies on the impact to other species and look for other options to control the populations. Population Trends The numbers of all light colored geese has been on the rise since data was first collected. The Lesser Snow Goose (LSGO) has drastically increased in number since data was first taken. Numbers range from around 800,000 in 1969 to as many as 6 million in 1996 (CWS 1999). While the Greater Snow Goose (GSGO) has risen in numbers from a few thousand to almost 500,000 (CWS 1999). This brief article did not provide much insight into actual numbers. Abraham and Jeffries in their report dig deeper and provide more significant and detailed population counts. Their numbers add in the Mid-winter index, which is the number of geese counted during mid-winter and referred to as MWI. Their numbers also have a count for Ross Goose (ROGO) which primarily flies with the (LSGO) and is very hard to distinguish (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). They too suggest the LSGO population to be around 800,000 in 1969 and in 1994 about 2.4 million. Although it is suggested that the number is low due an undercount during the winter and a more precise count may be taken when nesting in spring. The population of Greater Snow Goose has reached 612,000 from around 50,000 in the mid 1960s. Ross Goose has increased from 8,000 in 1957 to nearly 500,000 in 1995 (Abraham and Jeffries). The Texas Department of Fish and Wildlife states that the population of wintering snow geese has remained constant. They imply this is due to the fact that the geese have spread their winter range into other states (TWDS 1999). As indicated earlier it is very hard to count wintering birds because such a large number of wintering areas. Below are a few graphs of these population trends (CWS 1999) (Ingstrup 98) (Ingstrup 1998) Factors contributing to High Population The snow goose problem is a wildlife managers nightmare. Through prudent restrictions on birds taken as game, and the increase in refuges coupled with excellent habitat in the birds entire range. It is estimated that there is nearly 900,000 ha of rice fields over the snow gooses winter range (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). This is in addition to the typical salt marsh wintering ground. Abraham and Jeffries suggest that farther to the North in states like Nebraska and North Dakota the conversion of grassland prairie into cereal grains has provided a tremendous amount of food for the geese. In addition it has also blurred the area typically considered the wintering range. .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 , .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 .postImageUrl , .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 , .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86:hover , .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86:visited , .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86:active { border:0!important; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86:active , .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86 .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub4f1ac8ea2845f968e49a51c045fbd86:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens Essay It may also provide a natural rest stop along the way for migrating birds assuring greater health at nesting grounds (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). The establishment of refugees has reduced the amount of birds taken by hunters allowing more birds to complete a full migration cycle (CWS 1999). Hunting of the Greater Snow Goose was banned in .

Legal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas Essay Example

Legal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas Paper In this particular case, Kent Graham faces various normative theories of ethics. The situation faced by Kent Graham is very much important to be discussed as it deals with a very general situation which are faced by several people in their professional lives these days and also it gives a wide scope to study and analyze the various ethical dimensions of normative ethics. The situation faced by Kent Graham major constitutes of an ethical dilemma, which is the decision he has attempted and made. Cants ethics is also reasonably highlighted in this case as he is torn into two minds between a professional account manager and a responsible family head. One of the most important ethics that Kent Graham displays in this case is his egoism, which is compensated by his act as it also includes virtue ethics. Utilitarianism has also been highlighted in the decisions and situations faced by Kent Graham in this particular case study. One of the most considered and repeatedly occurring problem in ethical dimensions is the ethical dilemma. Ethical dilemma defines itself as a situation in which there is no obvious right or wrong decision. These arguments can be refuted in various ways, for example by showing that the claimed ethical dilemma is only apparent and does not really exist (thus is not a paradox logically), or that the solution to the ethical dilemma involves choosing the greater good and lesser evil, or that the whole framing of the problem is omitting creative alternatives, or more recently that situational ethics or situated ethics must apply because the case cannot be removed from context and still be understood (wisped). We will write a custom essay sample on Legal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Legal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Legal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Rules-based reasoning is concerned with how we make the decision, not its consequences. Rules-based seasoning argues that the ends can never really be known until long after weve made our decision, so therefore we can only guess as to the likely ends or consequences, and that this is very unreliable (Bowel, 2006). In this situation Of the particular case study, Kant Graham tackles a major ethical dilemma. He is torn between the two completely different tracks of decision to make. On one side he has to start closing some big accounts, which would benefit his company, and he would personally gain benefits, which would lead to his family welfare. On the other hand he feels tinged with uncertainty and lilt, as he has not revealed the truth to the Spray-On Inc. Company. If the receiving company came to know that the deal was not completely true and the goods were out sourced, then the Durra-Stick Company as well as him personally will face many complicated problems. But he is bound to his duty and faces heavy confusion to make the right decision and faces the ethical dilemma. Today we tend to approach the study of ethics from the point of view of individuals, with each person having his or her own special personal interests and relationships (Roger Cants ethics is considered to be an important section of ethical dimension. Kant sought moral principles that do not rest on contingencies and that define actions as inherently right or wrong apart from any particular circumstances (Shaw ; Barry). He believed that moral rules in principle, be known as a result of reason alone and are not based on observations. Kant basically emphasizes on the good will hidden in the actions of an individuals activities. For Kant, an absolute moral truth must b logical consistent, free from internal contradictions. For example if, it is contradiction to say that an effect does not have a cause. Kant aimed to ensure that his absolute moral law would avoid such contradictions. If he formulate such a rule, he maintained, everyone would be obliged to follow it without exception. Cants ethics can be well applied for this situation of Kent Graham. Kent is in a situation where his bonds of duty to his family hold him in making a decision that will profit him personally. He is under the pressure to support his family and this thought cannot be considered wrong or as a crime. Kent took the decision to negotiate the firms deal, which is an act that loud be right or moral as it came from the cause of good will and duty. Like Rousseau and Hobbes, we at least think of the state as if it had arisen out of social contracts with people. Another ethic to put light on for this situation is the Egoism. Ethics has defined egoism as the view that equates morality with self-interest. Egoism contends that an act is morally right if and only if it best promotes an agents long-term interest (Shaw ; Barry). Moral philosophers distinguish between two kinds of egoism: personal and impersonal. Both are more overly based on the long-term interests. In this situation Kent Graham portrays a great deal of egoism, which can be further related to personal egoism. In order to retain his position in the firm and also for the welfare of his family, Kent graham goes ahead in negotiating his deal to Jack Olson at Spray-On Inc. And also his own company Durra-stick. Kent also fears that his time with Durra Stick might be limited unless he starts closing some big accounts. When Jack described his need for a seven-color label with very precise graphics, Kent welcomed it as his big account, which might in turn do well for his company s well as himself. This power of egoism inside him made him to negotiate the larger prices to his company. Kent gave the sample to Marty Klein, who was responsible for coordinating the costs and price quotes for new opportunities. The company gave its quote on the basis of its profits, which itself portrays the impersonal egoism. Kent shadows importance to his professional life in order to live and maintain good standards for his family. This made Kent to hide the true fact that the products to be supplied will be out sourced from another company. Only by hiding this fact did he receive he good news that he had secured his largest order as an account manager. The activities of Kent can be traced back to his personal benefits, which is the core for egoism. The egoism can be neutralized by moral reasoning, which states itself as defining ones decisions by moral standards. In this situation Kent can morally reason out his egoistic decision by the fact of his job as well as supporting his family. An important ethic to highlight is the utilitarianism. Utilitarianism describes itself as the greatest good for the greatest number of people or in simpler terms emphasis the overall good. Utilitarianism is considered to be consequential as it focuses major on the final consequences, which is, the ends justify the means. There might be situations in which lying will produce greater overall good than telling the truth. In such a situation, it would be ethically right to tell a lie. Kant Grahams decision in securing his largest order can be ethically right from this viewpoint of utilitarianism. This is because Cants decision has benefited the whole Durra-Stick Label Products Company, which will in turn increase the companys profits. As the companys profit increases, the stock market values will increase which increases the profits for stakeholders and share markets. In a famous passage, Mill claims that of two pleasures, if there be one to which all or almost all have experience of both give a decided preference That is the most desirable pleasure. Kent Graham had secured his largest order as an account manager for Durra Stick Label Products, which displays the utilitarianism involved in it. Putting light on virtue ethics is quite considerable in this situation. Virtue ethics is based upon the belief that the most important thing in ethics and social relationships is not necessarily in action that are taken but rather the quality of the person who undertakes it. The book The Affluent Sockeye opened with the following quotation from Alfred Marshall: The economist, like everyone else, must concern himself with the ultimate aims of man. This perspective relies on developing character as opposed to discovering the right action in any particular case. Wides alternative to such approaches is to examine the virtues and vices at stake in manipulation advertising (1987, 73). Stanley Been sounds the same note when he suggests that the key question about advertising is whether it promotes a valuable kind of life, with this determination d epending on some objective assessment of what constitutes excellence in human beings (1 987, 73). In this particular case Kent Graham displays virtue ethics as the root cause of his actions is his dedication and devotion to his family. On such a perspective his quality as man devoted for welfare of family is portrayed. His deal negotiation may not be considered wrong but as a result of the person he is with his priorities and preferences. The case study Sticky Situation has helped to demonstrate the understanding and application of the ethical dimensions of business decision- making. Cants situation has neatly unfolded the various ethical issues in business studies.